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Hazrat Abu Hurairah (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) narrates that Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) said:
إن الله يبعث لهذه الأمة على رأس كل مائة سنة من يجدد لها دينها (سنن أبي داود #4291)
Indeed Allah Ta‘ala sends for this Ummah, on the expiry of every one hundred years, a person who will revive their Deen for them.
Imaam Ahmed bin Hambal (rahimahullah) has mentioned the following:
Indeed Allah Ta‘ala sends for the Ummah, at the termination of every century, a personality who will teach them (and revive) the Sunnah, and purify the Deen of Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) from fabrications and unfounded practices. When we reflected (over personalities who fitted this description), we had found that Hazrat ‘Umar bin ‘Abdul ‘Azeez (rahimahullah) was the personality who was blessed to revive Deen at the termination of the first century, and Imaam Shaafi‘ee (rahimahullah) was the personality who was blessed to revive Deen at the termination of the second century.”
(Siyar A’laam min Nubalaa 10/46)
The Special Du‘aa of Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam):
Hazrat ‘Aa’ishah bint Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anha), the daughter of Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu), narrates the following from Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu):
During the Battle of Uhud, (when the enemy had attacked from the rear and many Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum) were killed on the battlefield,) the Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum) could not find Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) and were moving about in confusion. At that time, I moved aside and said to myself, “I will continue to fight the kuffaar and defend my life. In the process of fighting, I will either gain martyrdom or Allah Ta‘ala will allow me to remain. If I survive this battle then surely I will get to meet Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam).”
Haafiz ibn ‘Abdil Barr (rahimahullah) narrates the following:
‘Abdullah Al-‘Umuri (rahimahullah), who was renowned for exerting himself in ‘ibaadah, once wrote a letter to Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) in which he exhorted Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) to go into seclusion and exert himself in ‘ibaadah. Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) wrote the following reply:
Allah has indeed divided and distributed A’maal (righteous deeds and actions of worship) just as He has divided and distributed sustenance. Hence, how many a person is blessed to perform abundant Salaah, yet is not blessed to fast abundantly? Another person may be blessed to give abundant charity, yet is not blessed to fast abundantly, and there may be another person who is blessed to strive in Jihaad. The propagation of ‘Ilm (Deeni knowledge) is among the most virtuous of righteous actions, and I am happy and content that Allah has chosen this ‘ibaadah for me. Furthermore, I do not regard the ‘ibaadah that I am involved in to be any less virtuous or important than the ‘ibaadah that you are involved in. Rather, I hope that we are both on the path of righteousness and piety.
(Siyar A’laam min Nubalaa’ 8/114)
The First Arrow Fired for Islam
Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) was part of the army that Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) had sent under Hazrat ‘Ubaidah bin Haarith (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) to Raabigh in order to intercept the caravan of the Quraish. During this expedition, the Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum) and the Quraish fired arrows at one another, and the first Muslim to fire an arrow in the path of Allah was Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu).
Ismaa‘eel bin Mujaalid (rahimahullah) narrates the following:
I was once with Haroon Rasheed, the Muslim Khalifah, when Imaam Abu Yusuf (rahimahullah), the student of Imaam Abu Hanifah (rahimahullah), entered. Seeing him, Haroon Rasheed requested, “Describe the character of Imaam Abu Hanifah (rahimahullah) to me.” Imaam Abu Yusuf (rahimahullah) replied:
The First Blood Shed for the Cause of Islam
Muhammed bin Ishaaq (rahimahullah) narrates:
The Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum) of Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) would (in the early days of Islam) go into the valleys when performing Salaah so that they would be able to keep their Salaah hidden from the disbelievers (and thus avoid persecution). Once, while Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) was with a group of Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum) in one of the valleys of Makkah Mukarramah, a group of disbelievers discovered them and began to condemn the Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum) and criticize their Deen. This led to a fight breaking out between these Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum) and the disbelievers, during which Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) inflicted a head wound to one of the disbelievers by striking his skull with the jaw bone of a camel. This was the first fight (from the beginning of Islam wherein the Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum) wounded the kuffaar and) in which blood was shed for the cause of Islam. (Usdul Ghaabah 2/308)
‘Abdullah (rahimahullah), the son of Imaam Ahmed (rahimahullah), narrates the following:
I was seated beside my father when he was about to pass away. He would lose consciousness until we would think that he had passed away, then he would regain consciousness and exclaim by gesturing with his hand, “Not Yet! Not yet!” When He repeated this for the third time, I asked him, “O my father! What is this that you are repeatedly doing at this critical moment?” In reply, he asked, “My son! Do you not know?” When I replied in the negative, he said, “Iblees – may the curse of Allah befall him! – was standing beside me, biting his fingertips and exclaiming, ‘O Ahmed! You have escaped me!’ and so I was replying, ‘Not yet, until I have left this world! (i.e. I have only escaped you after I pass away with Imaan).’”
(Hilyatul Awliyaa 9/194)
Hijrah
When Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) and his brother, Hazrat ‘Umair (radhiyallahu ‘anhu), the two sons of Abu Waqqaas, performed Hijrah from Makkah Mukarramah to Madinah Munawwarah, they stayed in the home and orchard of their brother, ‘Utbah bin Abi Waqqaas. ‘Utbah had built his home among the Banu ‘Amr bin ‘Auf clan. ‘Utbah had shed a person’s blood in Makkah Mukarramah and had thus fled to Madinah Munawwarah where he settled among the Banu ‘Amr bin ‘Auf clan. This was before the incident of Bu‘aath (the battle between the Aws and Khazraj tribes of Madinah Munawwarah). (ibn Sa’d 3/103)
Note:
1. Hazrat ‘Umair (radhiyallahu ‘anhu), the brother of Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu), was martyred in the Battle of Badr at the age of sixteen. (Isaabah 4/602)
2. ‘Utbah bin Abi Waqqaas did not accept Islam. In fact, he was responsible for breaking a portion of the blessed tooth of Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) during the Battle of Uhud. Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) had cursed him and before the year could terminate, he died on disbelief. (Isaabah 5/197)
Imaam Shaafi‘ee (rahimahullah) in the Eyes of Imaam Ahmed (rahimahullah)
Written by user2Maimooni (rahimahullah) says that he heard Imaam Ahmed (rahimahullah) mention, “There are six people for whom I make du‘aa at the time of Sehri. One of them is Imaam Shaafi‘ee (rahimahullah).” (Siyar A’laam min Nubalaa 10/45)
‘Abdullah (rahimahullah), the son of Imaam Ahmed (rahimahullah), narrates the following:
I once asked my father, “What type of person was Imaam Shaafi‘ee (rahimahullah), for I hear you making abundant du‘aa for him?” Imaam Ahmed (rahimahullah) replied, “O my son! He was like the sun to the world and like safety for the people. Could there be any replacement or substitute for the sun and safety?” (Siyar A’laam min Nubalaa 10/45)
Muhammad bin ‘Umar (Imaam Waaqidi) (rahimahullah) says that he heard Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) mention the following:
When Al-Mansoor (the Muslim ruler) performed Haj, he summoned me. I thus answered his summons and went to him. After entering into his presence, we held a conversation during which he asked me questions and I answered him.
Al-Mansoor then said to me, “I have decided to instruct for copies to be made of your kitaabs (i.e. the kitaabs of Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) that formed his compilation of Hadith known as Al-Muwatta) after which I will send one copy to each city of the Muslims. I will command them to practice on what is in your kitaab and abandon all other knowledge which has reached them. I wish to do this because I feel that the basis of knowledge is only the narrations and knowledge of the people of Madinah Munawwarah.”
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‘Abdullah bin Mubaarak (rahimahullah) narrates the following:
I once said to Sufyaan Thowri (rahimahullah), “O Abu ‘Abdillah! I notice that Abu Hanifah (rahimahullah) exercises extreme caution in refraining from gheebah (backbiting)! I never heard him even speak ill of his enemies!” Sufyaan (rahimahullah) replied, “He is intelligent enough to not carry out such an action that will cause him to lose all his good deeds.”
(Wafayaat-ul-A’yaan 5/411)
Hazrat Umme Ayman (radhiyallahu ‘anha) returned to Makkah with Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) and handed him into the care of his paternal grandfather, ‘Abdul Muttalib.
‘Abdul Muttalib always kept Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) with him. Whenever ‘Abdul Muttalib would be present in Musjid-ul-Haraam, a special mat would be placed in the shade of the Baytullah for ‘Abdul Muttalib. Nobody was allowed to even place a foot on this mat, to the extent that even ‘Abdul Muttalib’s own children would sit on the edges of this mat. However, when Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) would come, he would sit comfortably on the mat. His uncles would try to move him away from this seat but ‘Abdul Muttalib would say with complete kindness, “Leave this son of mine. By Allah! His status will be absolutely unprecedented.” He would then call him and make him sit close by, and when ‘Abdul Muttalib would look at him, he would become pleased.
(Extracted from Seeratul Mustafa 1/86)
The splitting of the chest occurred four times in the mubaarak life of Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam).
The first occurred during his childhood when he was in the care of Hazrat Halimah (radhiyallahu ‘anha). He was four years old at the time. He was on the grazing-field when two angels, Hazrat Jibraa’eel (‘alaihis salaam) and Hazrat Mikaa’eel (alaihis salaam), appeared as men in white garments carrying a golden tray laden with ice. They cut open his chest and removed his pure heart. They then split open his pure heart and removed one or two lumps of congealed blood and said, “This is shaytaan’s portion.” They placed his heart in the tray and washed it with ice water, after which they returned it to its original location, stitched his chest and applied a seal between his shoulder blades.
The splitting of the chest left Hazrat Halimah (radhiyallahu ‘anha) worried that some calamity may befall Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam). Hence, she took him to his mother, Hazrat Aaminah, in Makkah Mukarramah, and informed her of what had transpired. Upon hearing what happened to the child, Hazrat Aaminah was in no way alarmed. She then mentioned the noor, the divine barakaat (blessings) and good that she had experienced during pregnancy and at the time of birth, after which she said, “The status and condition of this son of mine will be very great. Shaytaan will have no access to him. Do not worry as no calamity will befall him.”
Hazrat Halimah (radhiyallahu ‘anha) then returned home and Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) began living with his mother. When Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) was six years old, his mother decided to journey to Madinah Munawwarah and took him along with her. Hazrat Umme Ayman (radhiyallahu ‘anha) also accompanied them on this trip. She stayed at her parents’ home for a month and thereafter returned with Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) to Makkah Mukarramah. While returning to Makkah Mukarramah, she passed away at a place called Abwaa and was buried there as well.
(Extracted from Seeratul Mustafa 1/73-85)
Abu ‘Uthmaan (rahimahullah) narrates that Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) said:
The following verse of the Qur’aan Majeed was revealed in my regard:
وَ وَصَّیۡنَا الۡاِنۡسَانَ بِوَالِدَیۡہِ حُسۡنًا ؕ وَ اِنۡ جَاہَدٰکَ لِتُشۡرِکَ بِیۡ مَا لَیۡسَ لَکَ بِہٖ عِلۡمٌ فَلَا تُطِعۡہُمَا ؕ
We have enjoined upon man kindness to parents. And if they (your disbelieving parents) force you to join partners with Me (in My worship) that of which you do not have knowledge, then do not obey them.
I was very obedient to my mother. When I accepted Islam, she said, “O Sa’d! What is this religion that you have innovated? You will either leave this religion, or I will neither speak to you, nor eat nor drink until I die. You will then bear the blame of my death as people will call you ‘the one who killed his mother’.” I replied, “O my mother! Do not do this! I will not leave this religion of mine for anything!”
My mother then remained for one day and night (and according to some narrations, three days and nights) without eating or drinking until she became extremely weak. When I saw her in this condition, I said to her, “O my mother! By Allah! Know that if you had a hundred lives and you lost them all, one by one, I would not leave my religion. If you wish, then eat. Otherwise, do not eat.” When the mother of Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) saw his determination and devotion to Islam, she realized that he would never renounce Islam and she thus began to eat.
(Siyar A’laam min Nubalaa vol.3 pg. 69, Saheeh Muslim #1748)