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The obligation of qurbaani is a salient symbol of Islam. In the Quraan Majeed, special mention has been made in regard to the obligation of qurbaani.
Allah Ta‘ala says:
لَنۡ یَّنَالَ اللّٰہَ لُحُوۡمُہَا وَ لَا دِمَآؤُہَا وَ لٰکِنۡ یَّنَالُہُ التَّقۡوٰی مِنۡکُمۡ
It is neither the meat nor the blood (of the animal) that reaches Allah Ta‘ala, instead it is the piety of your heart (sincerity and devotion) that reaches Him. [1]
4. When you commence the journey, recite the following masnoon duas of safar:
Dua One
بِسْمِ اللهِ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰه سُبْحَانَ الَّذِيْ سَخَّرَ لَنَا هٰذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُ مُقْرِنِيْنَ وَإِنَّا إِلٰى رَبِّنَا لَمُنْقَلِبُوْنَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰه اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰه اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰه اَللهُ أَكْبَرُ اَللهُ أَكْبَرُ اَللهُ أَكْبَرُ لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا اللهُ سُبْحَانَكَ اللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّيْ ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِيْ فَاغْفِرْ لِيْ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوْبَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ
In the name of Allah Ta‘ala. All praise be to Allah Ta‘ala, Glory be to Allah Ta‘ala who has subjugated this animal (or placed this vehicle under our control) though we were unable to control it (without His help). Surely, to our Rabb are we to return. All praise be to Allah Ta‘ala. All praise be to Allah Ta‘ala. All praise be to Allah Ta‘ala. Allah Ta‘ala is the greatest. Allah Ta‘ala is the greatest. Allah Ta‘ala is the greatest. There is no deity worthy of worship besides Allah Ta‘ala. (O Allah Ta‘ala) You are most pure. O Allah, indeed I have oppressed myself so forgive me, for there is none who forgives sins except You. [1]
7. On the day of Arafah, one should engage in dua. This day is a mubaarak day, even more blessed than the other ten days of Zul Hijjah. It is reported that Hazrat Ali (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) mentioned that on this day, Allah Ta‘ala emancipates more people from the fire of Jahannum than on any other day. Hazrat Ali (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) would also make the following dua on the day of Arafah and encouraged some of his companions to make the same dua:
اَللّٰهُمَّ أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَتِيْ مِنَ النَّارِ وَأَوْسِعْ لِيْ مِنَ الرِّزْقِ الْحَلالِ وَاصْرِفْ عَنِّيْ فَسَقَةَ الْجِنِّ وَالْإِنْسِ
O Allah! Free my neck from the fire of Jahannum, bless me with abundant halaal sustenance, and repel from me the evil and transgressive jinn and people. [1]
Zul Hijjah is from the four sacred months of the Islamic calendar. The four sacred months are Zul Qa’dah, Zul Hijjah, Muharram and Rajab. [1] The rewards of good deeds carried out in these months are multiplied, and the sins committed in these months are also regarded as more serious. [2] Allah Ta‘ala says:
إِنَّ عِدَّةَ الشُّهُوْرِ عِنْدَ اللهِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا فِيْ كِتَابِ اللهِ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْأَرْضَ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعَةٌ حُرُمٌ
The number of months in the sight of Allah Ta‘ala is twelve (in a year), so ordained by Him the day He created the heavens and the earth; from among them four are sacred. [3]
1. When the traveller is departing, then he should bid farewell to his family through reciting the following dua:
أَسْتَوْدِعُكَ اللهَ الَّذِيْ لَا تَضِيْعَ وَدَائِعُهُ
I entrust you to Allah, the One whose trusts are never destroyed. [1]
2. The family of the traveller should recite the following dua when bidding him farewell:
أَسْتَوْدِعُ اللهَ دِيْنَكَ وَأَمَانَتَكَ وَخَوَاتِيْمَ عَمَلِكَ
I place your Deen, your trust (wife, children and subordinates) and your final actions (at the time of death) in the care and trust of Allah Ta‘ala. [2]
21. Keep necessary personal information on yourself, as well as any documents that you may require on your journey (e.g. passport, ID. etc.).
22. Find out the route before embarking on the journey. [1]
23. When using the toilet or bathroom in any place, then be considerate and leave the place in a clean state. Do not leave it in a dirty condition as this will inconvenience others. [2]
11. Do not inconvenience any of your companions in any way during the journey.
Hazrat Abdullah bin Amr (radhiyallahu ‘anhuma) reports that Hazrat Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) said, “A perfect Muslim is he who does not inconvenience any person through his tongue or his hand.” [1]
12. When travelling in a group, appoint one person as the ameer.
Hazrat Abu Sa’eed Khudri (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) reports that Hazrat Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) said, “When three people come out on a journey, then they should appoint one of them as the ameer of the journey.” [2]
1. Before embarking on a journey (i.e. travelling to a place which is 78 km or more), one should perform two rakaats of salaah. This salaah is known as Salaatus Safar.
Hazrat Mut’im bin Miqdaam (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) reports that Hazrat Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) said, “There is no action that a person can leave behind with his family before setting out on a journey which is more virtuous than the two rakaats (Salaatus Safar) which he performs by them.” [1]
It is reported that whenever Hazrat Ibnu Umar (radhiyallahu ‘anhuma) intended embarking on a journey, he would first proceed to the musjid and perform salaah. [2]
The deen of Islam has presented laws and injunctions, and sunnats and aadaab (etiquettes), to teach man how to conduct in all situations and all conditions.
Just as the deen of Islam has provided guidance to a person when he is residing in his hometown, similarly it has provided him with guidance as to how he should conduct when he is out on safar (travelling on a journey).
In other words, the deen of Islam is so complete, comprehensive and perfect that it has taken a person’s condition into consideration at all times and all situations and provided him with appropriate guidance.
Hence, we find that Shariah has given concession to a travelling person to perform two rakaats in place of the four rakaats salaah. Similarly, Shariah has given concession to a traveling person not to fast in Ramadhaan, and instead keep qadha of the missed fasts after the month of Ramadhaan.
After commencing the Tahajjud Salaah, recite the following duas before reciting Surah Faatihah:
Dua One
اَللّٰهُمَّ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ أَنْتَ قَيِّمُ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَنْ فِيْهِنَّ وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ لَكَ مُلْكُ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَنْ فِيْهِنَّ وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ اَنْتَ نُوْرُ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَنْ فِيْهِنَّ وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ أَنْتَ الْحَقُّ وَوَعْدُكَ الْحَقُّ وَلِقَاؤُكَ حَقٌّ وَقَوْلُكَ حَقٌّ وَالْجَنَّةُ حَقٌّ وَالنَّارُ حَقٌّ وَالنَّبِيُّوْنَ حَقٌّ وَمُحَمَّدٌ صَلّٰى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَقٌّ وَالسَّاعَةُ حَقٌّ اَللّٰهُمَّ لَكَ أَسْلَمْتُ وَبِكَ آمَنْتُ وَعَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَإِلَيْكَ أَنَبْتُ وَبِكَ خَاصَمْتُ وَإِلَيْكَ حَاكَمْتُ فَاغْفِرْ لِيْ مَا قَدَّمْتُ وَمَا أَخَّرْتُ وَمَا أَسْرَرْتُ وَمَا أَعْلَنْتُ أَنْتَ الْمُقَدِّمُ وَأَنْتَ الْمُؤَخِّرُ لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ وَلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللّٰهِ
O Allah, all praise belongs to You and You are the Maintainer of the heavens and the earth and whoever is contained within them. All praise belongs to You and to You belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and whoever is contained within them. All praise belongs to You and You are the noor (i.e. light) of the heavens and the earth and whoever is contained within them. You are Haqq, Your promises are true and Your meeting is true. Your speech is true, Jannah is true and Jahannum is true. The Ambiyaa (‘alaihimus salaam) are true and Hazrat Muhammad (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) is true. The last hour is true. O Allah Ta‘ala, only to You have I surrendered. Only upon You have I brought Imaan. I have placed my trust and reliance only upon You. It is only towards You that I turn. It is only on account of You (i.e. with Your help) that I dispute (with the kuffaar in proving the truth). It is only towards You that I turn for judgement. Thus, forgive my sins - my past sins and my future sins, those sins commited in secret and those sins committed openly. You are the first and You are the last. There is none worthy of worship besides You, and there is no power (to do good) nor any ability (to abstain from evil) except with the help of Allah Ta‘ala. [1]
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Dua One
اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ الَّذِيْ أَحْيَانَا بَعْدَ مَا أَمَاتَنَا وَإِلَيْهِ النُّشُوْرْ
All praise is due to Allah Ta‘ala who granted us life after death and to Him alone will we be returned. [1]
Before sleeping, we are taught to recite the masnoon duas and remember Allah Ta‘ala. Among the masnoon duas before sleeping, is the following dua:
اَللّٰهُمَّ بِاسْمِكَ أَمُوْتُ وَأَحْيٰى
O Allah, with Your name do I die and live. [1]
In this dua, sleep has been resembled to death, due to the fact that when a person sleeps, he loses his senses and consciousness.
Hence, from this dua, we are being taught that at the time of sleeping, one should be prepared to meet Allah Ta‘ala.
Dua One
اَللّٰهُمَّ بِاسْمِكَ أَمُوْتُ وَأَحْيٰى
O Allah, with Your name do I die and live. [1]
If you experience fear during the night due to seeing bad dreams, recite the following duas:
Dua One
أَعُوْذُ بِكَلِمَاتِ اللهِ التَّامَّاتِ الَّتِيْ لَا يُجَاوِزُهُنَّ بَرٌّ وَلَا فَاجِرٌ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا يَنْزِلُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَمَا يَعْرُجُ فِيْهَا وَمِنْ شَرِّ مَا ذَرَأَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا وَمِنْ شَرِّ فِتَنِ اللَّيْلِ وَفِتَنِ النَّهَارِ وَمِنْ شَرِّ طَوَارِقِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ إلَّا طَارِقًا يَطْرُقُ بِخَيْرٍ يَا رَحْمٰنْ
I seek protection in the complete words of Allah Ta‘ala, which neither a pious person nor a sinner can surpass; from the evil of that which descends from the sky and that which ascends in it, and from the evil of that which He created in the earth and that which comes out of it, and from the evil of the trials of the night and the trials of the day, and from the evil of those creations that come out during the night and day, except for those that come with good, O the Most Merciful. [1]