Name: Hazrat ‘Ali bin Abi Taalib (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) (Usdul Ghaabah 3/282)
Birth: Hazrat ‘Ali (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) was born ten years before Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) was blessed with Nubuwwah by Allah Ta‘ala. (Isaabah 4/459)
Father’s Name: According to some reports, the name of Hazrat ‘Ali’s (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) father was Abu Taalib. According to other reports, his name was ‘Abdu Manaaf, while Abu Taalib was his kunyah (filial title) by which he was famously known. (Usdul Ghaabah 3/282)
Mother’s Name: Hazrat Faatimah bintu Asad bin Haashim (radhiyallahu ‘anha). (Usdul Ghaabah 3/282)
Brothers: Hazrat ‘Ali (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) had three brothers. From the three brothers, two had embraced Islam. They were Hazrat ‘Aqeel (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) and Hazrat Ja’far (radhiyallahu ‘anhu). Taalib had not embraced Islam. (Usdul Ghaabah 3/282, Faidh-ul-Baari 3/213)
Taalib was the eldest from all the brothers. The second brother was Hazrat ‘Aqeel (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) who was ten years younger than Taalib. After Hazrat ‘Aqeel (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) was Hazrat Ja’far (radhiyallahu ‘anhu), who was also ten years younger than Hazrat ‘Aqeel (radhiyallahu ‘anhu). The youngest of the brothers was Hazrat ‘Ali (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) who was also ten years younger than Hazrat Ja’far (radhiyallahu ‘anhu). (Al-Bidaayah wan-Nihaayah 4/255-256)
Kunyah (Title): Hazrat ‘Ali (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) had two Kunyahs (titles). His first title was “Abul Hasan” (the father of Hazrat Hasan (radhiyallahu ‘anhu)). He was called Abul Hasan on account of first son being named Hasan.
His second title was Abu Turaab (the person of sand). He was given this title by Hazrat Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) (Taareekh-ul-Khulafaa pg. 282)
Receiving the Title Abu Turaab:
It is reported that from among the different names and titles which Hazrat ‘Ali (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) was called by, the title that was most beloved to him was Abu Turaab. The reason for him loving this title the most was that he received this title from none other than Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam).
Hazrat Sahl bin Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) mentions that on one occasion, Hazrat ‘Ali (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) became upset over some issue within the home and left the home. When Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) entered the home of Hazrat Faatimah (radhiyallahu ‘anha), he asked her where Hazrat ‘Ali (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) was. Hazrat Faatimah (radhiyallahu ‘anha) mentioned that due to being upset, he had left the home.
Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) sent a Sahaabi to look for him. The Sahaabi returned and informed Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) that he had found him lying down in the musjid. Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) immediately went to the musjid and found Hazrat ‘Ali (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) sleeping on the bare ground. His shawl had slipped off, due to which the sand of the ground covered a portion of his back. With great affection and love, Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam), with his blessed hand, began to dust the sand off his body while addressing him saying, “Stand up, O Abu Turaab (O sandy one)! Stand up, O Abu Turaab (O sandy one)!”
(Saheeh Bukhaari #6280)